Ancient Mediterranean society was based...
Illustration
Ancient Mediterranean society was based on the dual concepts of honor and shame. A person might inherit honor or shame, depending upon the family into which he or she was born. Or a person might gain honor by living a righteous life or by doing something very worthwhile and good for the community (as did the centurion in Capernaum, Luke 7:4-5). On the other hand, a person might lose honor by immoral or selfish behavior. Moreover, a person might be dishonored by an opponent or shamed by the actions of a family member. (The most shameful of all possible punishments was crucifixion.) Honor could be restored, but at great cost. The payment might be exceptional meritorious actions (as with Zacchaeus' resolve, Luke 19:8). Or it might be by redemption (buying the freedom of a family member by paying that person's debts.) Or honor might be restored through the shedding of blood (killing an enemy or giving of one's life for a great cause.) For Paul, Christ had done all of these things on our behalf -- even dying on a cross! -- in order to redeem us and reconcile us to God. Here, for Paul, was the eternal mystery and the hope of our glory (vv. 26-27), that Christ has, with his own blood, written "paid" across the ledgers of heaven. -- Bristow
